Prostaglandin
This compound and be diisolasi by a Swedish scientist named SuneBergstorm and Bengt Samuelsson, who received a Nobel Prize in 1982 for their work in this field. This compound was first found in the sperm (semen), and note that this compound-compound in the gland Prostate disentises therefore diberinama so. Now note that there is a prostaglandin in the body and also disentesis in the lungs, liver, uterus, and organs and tissue.
How prostaglandin play a role not known. Suspected they were the mediators of hormone in the body, this is the alleged theory to explain the biological effects of far-reaching. For example, the dose-dangat small dose of prostaglandin will stimulate some pengerut uterin and can lead to miscarriage. Inflammation, pain, fever, disruption menstruasi, asthma, tukak (Ulcer), high blood pressure and headed pengmulan darah.diketahui that aspirin inhibit prostaglandin synthesis with mengasetilasi and thus mendeaktifkan siklooksiginase, korison of inflammation and can be caused by similar mechanisms.
Prostaglandin is a sour-sour karboksilat berkarbon-20 which contains a ring-ring siklopentana. Compound-compound dibiosintesis of this acid-fatty acid takjenuh berkarbon 20 (one pad an why saturated fat is not necessary in the good food).
There are several prostaglandin known, but the fourth product in the equation above is a prostaglandin berneda in (1) the number of double bonds, and (2) whether the siklopentana is a diol or a keto alcohol.
And F means diol. Tikalas (subskrip) menunuk to many ikatanm duplex. (eg tikalas 1 means that one double bond). Tikalas α refers to the configuration of carbon pad OH 9 (bah to the side chain karboksil).
Biosintesis prostaglandin presumably take place with the radical mechanism beabs. Abstract a hydrogen alilik-bottomed, dikikuti with a re-regulation alilik from one cluster, the suatyu attack by a radical hidroksil carbon 15 of the fatty acid.
Steroid
Steroid is a compound containing a ring system and has a metal truss angular. Steroid found in almost all of life. In many animals act as a steroid hormone. Widespread steroid use synthetic materials as medicines. Cholesterol, kortison, sex hormones, and bile acids are steroid.
Confirmation of steroid
Some of the important steroid
Cholesterol is a steroid that is animal and found the most extensive network in all animals. Gall bladder stones, and yellow is a rich source of this compound. Cholesterol is a substance-between is needed in biosintesis steroid hormones. But not a requirement in the food, because it can disintesis from asetilkoenzim A. A high cholesterol level in blood is associated with arteriosclerosis (blood vessel stone), a condition in which cholesterol and other lipid-lipid in the mantle-wall vein.
A steroid related to cholesterol, the 7-dehidrokolesterol that found in the skin, changed into vitamin D when ultraviolet disinari with Cahya.
Kortison and kortisol (hidrokortison) are two of 28 hormones or hormone that is produced by the adrenal cortex gland (adrenal cortex), the second change this steroid metabolism of protein, carbohydrate and lipid in a way that is not yet entirely understood. Both are widely used to treat inflammation due to allergies or rheumatism (rheumatoid arthritis). Many steroid related cluster that has karbonil or hidroksil on carbon 11 has a similar activity.
Activity similar kortison also observed in some synthetic steroid. For example, Prednisone, a synthetic drug used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (gout).
Sex hormone produced mainly in the testis and ovary; hormone production is regulated by hormones, which is in the brain (pituitary gland). Sex hormones broadcast secondary sex characteristics and manage sexual and reproductive function. Male hormones collectively called androgen; female hormone, estrogen, and the pregnancy hormone, progestin.
In the body of pregnant women, the presence progesteron pressing (hinder) the process ovulasi and menstruasi. Progestin synthetic, such as noretinodrel (norethynodrel, Enovid), used for pressing ovulasi as a method of birth.
Steroid developer network is very close relationship with the androgen.
Acid-bile acids (bile acids) found in the bile gland, produced dalm liver (liver) and stored in the gall bladder. Structure kolat acid (cholic acid), bile acid is most abundant. Kolat acid, as the name also-acid-bile acid others, have the ring of A / B of a bah, not the usual trans.
Acid-bile acid diekskresikan to the intestine in combination with the natrium salt of glisina or Taurina (H2NCH2CH2SO3H). Association bile acid-amino acid form of the bond between amida cluster karboksil bile acid and amino group of amino acids. In this form of combination, bile acid-amino acid in order to maintain a role for lipid teremulsikan in the intestine, so the smooth lipid-lipid digestion this.
Biosintesis steroid
Steroid dibiosintesis in almost all networks. Is a precursor for steroid skualena, a triterpena, obtained from the condensation of two molecules farnesol. Sequence starting from skualena to didapatkannya lanosterol, a substance-between that can be converted into cholesterol and other steroid. The first stage is the formation of a epoksida enzimatik. Then epoksida that diprotonkan and then rubbed elekteron produce a line of four-ring closure and the formation of steroid ring system. Product-between stage of ring closure is a karbokation. Stages is the last line of fricative-1, 2 involving hidrida and cluster metil. Finally, a proton is released and sent down a alkena stable. The entire sequence is only dikatalisis by an enzyme only, namely skualena oksodosiklase.
